Church Building Series: Vol 3
Annunciation Greek Orthodox Christian Church in Missoula, Montana.
The Altar in Orthodox Christian Churches: A Sacred Space
The altar stands at the heart of an Orthodox Christian church, embodying a deep spiritual significance that transcends its physical structure. It serves not only as a focal point for worship but also as a symbol of the divine presence and the mysteries of faith. Let’s explore the importance of the altar, its symbolism, and the traditions surrounding it.
In Orthodox tradition, the altar is often referred to as the "Holy of Holies." This is where the Eucharist, or Holy Communion, is celebrated, making it the most sacred area of the church. The altar is usually situated in the eastern part of the church, reflecting the belief that Christ will return from the East. This placement emphasizes the connection between heaven and earth, a theme that resonates throughout Orthodox worship.
Symbolism and Design
The altar is more than just a physical structure; it represents the heavenly realm. Often adorned with ornate iconography, it is draped in rich fabrics, typically in colors like red or gold, symbolizing the blood of Christ and divine glory. An altar is usually surrounded by a protective screen known as the "iconostasis," which displays various icons, allowing the faithful to glimpse the divine while keeping the sacred mysteries somewhat veiled.
The Altar Table
At the center of the altar is the altar table, where the Holy Gifts are prepared and consecrated. The altar table is typically made of wood and may be covered with a special cloth. Beneath the altar table, it is common to find relics of saints, which further enhances the sacredness of the space and serves as a reminder of the communion of saints.
During the Divine Liturgy, the altar becomes the space for the most profound moments of Orthodox worship. The priest performs the liturgical actions handed down through the Apostolic tradition and asks the Holy Spirit to come down and transform the bread and wine presented into the Body and Blood of Christ. This moment is central to the Orthodox faith, emphasizing the belief in the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist.
The altar also serves as a site for prayers, blessings, and the administration of the sacraments. Each action performed at the altar is steeped in centuries-old tradition, echoing the practices of the early Church and creating a timeless connection between the faithful and Christ.
The Care of the Altar
The care and maintenance of the altar are vital aspects of church life. The altar is treated with great reverence; only ordained clergy are permitted to enter the altar area. This practice highlights the sacred nature of the space and the belief that the altar is a dwelling place for God’s grace. Only with the blessing of a bishop or priest can those who serve in the altar enter to assist with the services.
To the left of the altar table is a smaller table called the "Prothesis", where the bread and wine are prepared to later become the Body and Blood of Christ.
A Spiritual Invitation
For the faithful, the altar is a point of connection with God. It invites worshippers to engage in their spiritual journey. The movements and prayers that take place at the altar lead the community in worship, give access to the sacraments and bind together those present in shared faith and reverence.
The altar in an Orthodox Christian church is not merely a physical entity; it is a powerful symbol of faith, communion, and divine grace. As the focal point of worship, it serves as a reminder of the sacred mysteries that lie at the heart of the Orthodox tradition. For believers, the altar is an invitation to experience the presence of God, cultivating a deep spiritual connection that nourishes the soul and strengthens the community of faith. Whether one is a lifelong Orthodox Christian or a curious visitor, the altar remains a profound place of reflection, worship, and divine encounter.